{"id":1446,"date":"2021-01-24T14:50:49","date_gmt":"2021-01-24T14:50:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/?p=1446"},"modified":"2021-01-24T14:58:29","modified_gmt":"2021-01-24T14:58:29","slug":"bionow-15-macrofagos-e-a-regressao-do-envelhecimento-cognitivo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/?p=1446","title":{"rendered":"BioNOW! #15 &#8211; Macr\u00f3fagos e a regress\u00e3o do envelhecimento cognitivo"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1446\" class=\"elementor elementor-1446\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6339162d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6339162d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6aa78706\" data-id=\"6aa78706\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-741b7d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"741b7d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">BioNOW! #15 - Macr\u00f3fagos e a regress\u00e3o do envelhecimento cognitivo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12599fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"12599fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nos mam\u00edferos, o envelhecimento est\u00e1 associado a inflama\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00f3nica, que leva a decl\u00ednios cognitivos. A repara\u00e7\u00e3o do metabolismo de algumas c\u00e9lulas imunes pode ser suficiente para reduzir este efeito, de acordo com um estudo da Universidade de Stanford.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8ee8570 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8ee8570\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f50abbd\" data-id=\"f50abbd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00b4f63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00b4f63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Os macr\u00f3fagos s\u00e3o c\u00e9lulas imunes respons\u00e1veis por destruir microrganismos invasores e produzir sinais que regulam a inflama\u00e7\u00e3o do tecido onde se encontram. No entanto, no envelhecimento, o desequil\u00edbrio de v\u00e1rios sinais moleculares leva \u00e0 inativa\u00e7\u00e3o do metabolismo destas c\u00e9lulas: os macr\u00f3fagos tornam-se incapazes de obter energia, o que os deixa incapacitados e leva a mais inflama\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p><p>Um dos sinais mais importantes nesse processo \u00e9 uma mol\u00e9cula chamada prostaglandina E<sub>2<\/sub> (PGE2), que se liga ao recetor EP2 dos macr\u00f3fagos e inativa a sua atividade metab\u00f3lica. Para compreender a rela\u00e7\u00e3o desse mecanismo com o decl\u00ednio cognitivo associado \u00e0 idade, um grupo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Stanford usou v\u00e1rias estrat\u00e9gias para inibir o recetor EP2 em c\u00e9lulas de ratinho. Isso foi feito com m\u00e9todos gen\u00e9ticos e farmacol\u00f3gicos, em c\u00e9lulas do c\u00e9rebro e perif\u00e9ricas.<\/p><p>Essa inibi\u00e7\u00e3o resultou na reativa\u00e7\u00e3o do metabolismo das c\u00e9lulas em causa, o que sugeriu poss\u00edveis efeitos na capacidade cognitiva dos animais \u2014 foram, ent\u00e3o, feitos estudos comportamentais em ratinhos idosos sujeitos a esses tratamentos, que revelaram uma melhoria significativa na sua mem\u00f3ria e capacidade de orienta\u00e7\u00e3o (semelhantes \u00e0s de animais jovens).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4382550 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4382550\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1111\" height=\"387\" src=\"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/bionow_15_image_1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1449\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/bionow_15_image_1.png 1111w, https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/bionow_15_image_1-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/bionow_15_image_1-700x244.png 700w, https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/bionow_15_image_1-768x268.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1111px) 100vw, 1111px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c82a79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c82a79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figura 1- Estrat\u00e9gias utilizadas para o estudo da rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o metabolismo dos macr\u00f3fagos e o envelhecimento cognitivo. Os macr\u00f3fagos s\u00e3o c\u00e9lulas imunes encontradas por todo o organismo, incluindo o sistema nervoso central (onde se chamam microglia). Os autores demonstraram que a sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o pela PGE2 no recetor EP2 \u00e9 respons\u00e1vel pela supress\u00e3o do metabolismo destas c\u00e9lulas. A inibi\u00e7\u00e3o do recetor por abordagens gen\u00e9ticas ou farmacol\u00f3gicas, nos macr\u00f3fagos perif\u00e9ricos ou na microglia, levou a melhorias na capacidade cognitiva dos ratinhos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-adc8fad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"adc8fad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Assim, este estudo revelou que \u2014 pelo menos em ratinhos saud\u00e1veis \u2014 o bloqueio da sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o pela PGE2 em macr\u00f3fagos \u00e9 suficiente para recuperar a capacidade mental da juventude. Isto sugere que o decl\u00ednio cognitivo associado ao envelhecimento saud\u00e1vel n\u00e3o \u00e9 um processo irrevers\u00edvel, mas sim um estado din\u00e2mico que pode ser controlado ao n\u00edvel do metabolismo das c\u00e9lulas imunes!<\/p><p>Sabe mais em:<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-03160-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-03160-0<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nos mam\u00edferos, o envelhecimento est\u00e1 associado a inflama\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00f3nica, que leva a decl\u00ednios cognitivos. A repara\u00e7\u00e3o do metabolismo de algumas c\u00e9lulas imunes pode ser suficiente para reduzir este efeito, de acordo com um estudo da Universidade de Stanford.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1469,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bionow"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1446","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1446"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1446\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1478,"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1446\/revisions\/1478"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1469"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1446"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1446"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebfeupicbas.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}